Wheelchair Ramp Design and Construction

A ramp for wheelchairs can be an effective device to help a loved one live more independently at home. If they are not designed correctly, they are dangerous to use.

ADA regulations require level landings on any changes in direction, to avoid compound slopes. They must also provide an accessible surface for wheelchair users.

Design

The ramp's design must be in line with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) standards to ensure that wheelchairs effortlessly navigate the structure. For example, the ramp slope must not exceed a ratio of 1:12 and must have landings that are level upon any direction change or shift in the ramp's surface. It must also be constructed out of treated lumber that is more robust and withstands rain better than untreated lumber.

The sides and top of the ramp need to be clear of obstacles like bushes, trees or other structures that could interfere with the safe passage of the ramp's user. The surface of the ramp should also be non-slip and hard. Some municipalities require that the entire ramp be covered with a non-slip surface.

For the frame of the ramp Choose treated lumber that is at least 4 inches wide. To make sure the ramp is secure, build posts that are at least 8 feet apart and extend to below ground level. Spindles should be used to join the posts with the railings of the ramp. This type of connection is preferred because it reduces the risk of an operator of the ramp falling off the edge of the ramp.

Next, build the frame for the ramp using Joists that are at minimum 16 inches long and beams that measure 2 by 4 inches. The joists should be placed at minimum 18 inches above the ground and secured using joist hangings, which are nails that fit inside the joists to prevent them from sliding. Attach the ramp decking using a framing nailer.

Add an upper landing to the doorway to ensure the wheelchair-bound occupants are able to easily maneuver the doorswing. The landing should be wide enough to give at least 12 to 24 inches of "elbow room" on the handle side of out-swing doors. For doors that swing in, the landing must be at least 58 inches by 60 inches to accommodate the door's threshold and a person in wheelchair who must move backwards through the doorway.

Install a level landing when changing the direction of the ramp to stop wheelchairs from having to slam their brakes into corners. A level landing allows you to move the ramp away from the way when needed so that lawnmowers and other equipment can go under it.

Materials

The material used to construct ramps for wheelchairs could be made of wood, concrete or aluminum. A professional ramp installation service can help you decide which one is suitable for your business or home. It is essential to take into consideration your budget and needs when choosing the materials for the ramp. The ramp should be easy to maintain and should be safe to use. Some cities require that the ramp be laid with an anti-slip surface.

Be sure to check with your local government for permits before you begin building or purchasing materials. Also, be sure to follow all local building codes. Making use of the wrong materials or construction methods could result in hazardous conditions for wheelchair users. You can get the most up-to-date information regarding construction requirements at your local government's building department office library or online.

Wood ramps are often the most affordable alternative for ADA ramp materials. However they require more care. The wood ramp's surface should be treated regularly with a sealer in order to stop rot and warping. Wood can splinter and be dangerous for people using wheelchairs. Wood ramps also require extra support to maintain the structure.

Concrete ramps are expensive however they are durable and long-lasting. They are heavy, which means that more labor is required to put in ramps and may make it difficult to move the ramp once they are no longer needed. Concrete ramps are sturdy enough to support the weight of power wheelchairs.

Aluminum ramps are lighter than concrete or steel, but they have the same strength and corrosion resistance. They are also less expensive than steel or iron and are an ideal choice for those on a tight budget. Aluminum is also eco-friendly because it is naturally found in the Earth's crust and can be recycled.

The ramp's upper landing needs to be level or within 3/8 inches of the threshold of the door to allow wheelchairs with smaller wheels to pass over the ramp without becoming stuck. Ramps that have a gap greater than this will not meet ADA standards. Also, ensure that the ramp transitions smoothly from the upper landing to the ground. The ramp's final section should be curved to ensure that wheelchairs don't stop abruptly when they leave or enter a home.

Installation

A ramp for wheelchairs is a ramp that has a plane that can be installed as an alternative or in addition to steps. It allows wheelchair users as well as those who use carts or strollers to access areas that are otherwise difficult to access.

When choosing a wheelchair accessible ramp, there are numerous factors to consider, such as the location, height and price. The ideal is for a ramp to be situated as close to the door as it is possible to avoid unnecessary travel. It should be set at a level that the person using it is able to easily navigate. It should be securely anchored to the floor and free of any obstructions such as trees, cars parked or other obstacles.

ADA regulations require that ramps are equipped with handrails either side. The rails must be at least 36" apart and have a smooth or rounded gripping surface. Additionally, they should be attached to the ramp and extend at least 12 inches over the ramp edge. Handrails must be continuous if a ramp is designed with switchbacks, or in an L-shaped layout.

The length of the ramp is determined by its slope. However there are a few basic ramp types that can be used in all situations. For example, a threshold ramp sits right on the edge of a curb or at the threshold of a doorway while portable ramps can be moved from one place to another and come in many different sizes. There are also aluminum ramps with modular design that can be constructed on-site. These are usually used for public or commercial spaces, and are typically larger than the threshold and Portable & Durable 4Ft Telescopic Wheelchair Ramps ramps.

Consult with your city's building department to determine if a permit is required for a permanent ramp. You should also speak to an expert in mobility to determine the type of ramp that will work best for your needs and the space. In certain cases the installation of a permanent wheel chair ramp for van can even increase the value of your home.

Maintenance

It's important to make sure your wheelchair ramp is well maintained, particularly if you will be using it often. You'll need to perform regular inspections, and correct any structural issues that arise. This will ensure that the ramp meets all ADA requirements and is safe for all users.

Regularly cleaning wooden ramps is required to remove dirt and debris that could hinder access. Keeping the ramp clean will also stop moisture from trapping under the surface and creating decay. Preservatives and stains for wood only work if the ramp is completely cleaned prior to applying.

Wheelchair ramps are more difficult to maintain than other kinds of ramps because they are more susceptible to wear and wear and tear. The most important thing to do is make sure you have the appropriate tools for the job. To make sure that all fixings are secure and tight you'll require an appropriate set of screwdrivers and gauge spanners. It is also important to regularly inspect the handrails for signs damage or corrosion. It is possible that over time, with repeated usage some of the bolts and fittings which hold the handrails in place may come loose and pose an extremely dangerous risk for those who use the ramp.

It is also important to make sure that the surface of the ramp is grippy enough, especially in winter when the conditions are difficult. You will need to sweep off any leaves, dirt or other debris that might block and cause slippage. Additionally, you'll need to apply a non-corrosive ice melt on the ramp's surface prior to winter arrives to avoid slips and causing injury.

Think about purchasing "snow tires" or traction wheels for your extendable wheelchair ramps if plan to use it throughout the winter. These wheels are made to better track on slippery and snowy surfaces. They will help you remain on your ramp more effectively than regular wheelchair tires. You can also utilize heating pads or tape to melt the ice and snow on the ramp prior to it accumulates.